Foreign exchange (Forex) trading involves buying one currency and selling another to profit from exchange rate movements. It is the world’s largest and most liquid market, with over USD 7 trillion in daily trading, operating 24 hours a day on weekdays and involving central banks, financial institutions, companies, and individual investors

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Forex trading is based on the relative value of currency pairs, such as:

EUR/USD

The exchange rate between the Euro and the US Dollar, indicating how many US dollars equal one euro

USD/JPY

US Dollar versus Japanese Yen

GBP/USD

British Pound versus US Dollar

When you anticipate a currency to appreciate, you buy it; when you expect it to depreciate, you sell it

Profit is generated by correctly predicting the direction of exchange rate movements

CFDs (Contracts for Difference) are derivative instruments that allow traders to speculate on price movements without owning the underlying asset. In forex trading, CFDs enable you to profit by forecasting currency price movements

Profit Opportunities

Going Long (Buy)

Buy when you expect the currency pair price to rise, and sell to close the position at a higher price

Example:Buy 1 lot of EUR/USD at 1.1000 and sell at 1.1050 — 50 pips profit

Going Short (Sell)

Sell when you expect the currency pair price to fall, and buy back at a lower price

Example:Sell 1 lot of EUR/USD at 1.1000 and buy at 1.0950 — 50 pips profit

Leverage Effect

You can trade a large contract with only a small amount of margin

Leverage amplifies returns: When you profit, your return is calculated based on the full contract value, not just your margin

Example:With 1:100 leverage, only USD 1,000 margin is needed to trade a USD 100,000 contract

Two-way Trading

Profit from both rising and falling markets

As long as you correctly predict the direction, you can earn returns whether prices go up or down

Round-the-clock opportunities

24-hour trading allows you to capture market movements at any time

Profit and Loss Calculation

Profit/Loss = (Closing price − Opening price) × Contract size × Pip value

Example:Standard lot: 1 lot = 100,000 units of the base currency Pip value:For EUR/USD, 1 pip is approximately USD 10 per standard lot

Below is a detailed contract specification table covering the top 20 most actively traded forex currency pairs, including spreads, contract size, quote currency, and pip value

Major Currency Pairs

Cross Currency Pairs

Emerging Market Currency Pairs

Currency Pair	Average Spread (Pips)	Contract Value	Quote Currency	Standard Pip Value	Trading Session Activity
EUR/USD Euro vs. US Dollar	0.8-1.2	100,000 EUR	USD	$10	Most active during European/American overlap
USD/JPY US Dollar vs. Japanese Yen	0.9-1.5	100,000 USD	JPY	Approx. $9.2	Asian and New York sessions
GBP/USD British Pound vs. US Dollar	1.2-1.8	100,000 GBP	USD	$10	Most active during London session
USD/CHF US Dollar vs. Swiss Franc	1.5-2.5	100,000 USD	CHF	Approx. $11.3	Active all day
AUD/USD Australian Dollar vs. US Dollar	1.5-2.0	100,000 AUD	USD	$10	Most active during Asian session
USD/CAD US Dollar vs. Canadian Dollar	1.5-2.2	100,000 USD	CAD	Approx. $7.4	Most active during New York session
NZD/USD New Zealand Dollar vs. US Dollar	1.8-2.5	100,000 NZD	USD	$10	Asian and London sessions